Publications

Miller, S.A., Mercer, J.J., Lyon, S.W., Williams, D.G., Miller, S.N. 2021. Stable isotopes of water and specific conductance reveal complimentary information on streamflow generation in snowmelt-dominated, seasonally arid watersheds. Journal of Hydrology doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126075

English, N.B., D.L. Dettman, Q. Hua, J.M. Mendoza, D. Muir, K.R. Hultine, and D.G. Williams. 2021. Age-growth relationships, temperature sensitivity and palaeoclimate-archive potential of the threatened Altiplano cactus Echinopsis atacamensis. Conservation Physiology Volume 9, Issue 1, 2021, coaa123

Groff, D.V., D.G. Williams, and J.L. Gill. 2020. Modern calibration of Poa flabellata (Tussac grass) as a new paleoclimate proxy in the South Atlantic. Biogeosciences 17:4545-4557

Sage, E., J. Heisler-White, E. Pendall, D.G. Williams. 2020. Climate warming alters photosynthetic responses to elevated CO₂ in prairie plants. American Journal of Botany 107:1238-1252

Bowers, W.H., J.J. Mercer, M.S. Pleasants, D.G. Williams. 2020. Combination of soil water extraction methods quantifies isotopic mixing of waters held at separate tensions in soil. Hydrology and Earth System Science 24:4045-4060

Resco de Dios, V., C. Artega, J.J. Peguero-Pina, D. Sanco-Knapik, H. Qin, O. Zveushe, W. Sun, D.G. Williams, M. Boer, J. Voltas, J. Moreno, D. Tissue, E. Gil-Peligrin. 2020. Hydraulic and photosynthetic limitations prevail over root non-structural carbohydrate reserves as drivers of resprouting in two Mediterranean oaks. Plant, Cell and Environment 43:1944–1957

Mercer, J.J., D.T. Liefert, D.G. Williams. 2020. Atmospheric vapor and precipitation are not in isotopic equilibrium in a continental mountain environment. Hydrological Processes 34:3078–3101

Hultine, K.R., J.C. Cushman, D.G. Williams. 2019. Editorial: New perspectives on crassulacean acid metabolism biology. Journal of Experimental Botany 70:6489-6493

Frank, J.M., W.J. Massman, B.E. Ewers, and D.G. Williams. 2019. Bayesian analyses of seventeen winters of water vapor fluxes show bark beetles reduce sublimation. Water Resources Research 55:1598-1623

Hoffman, A.S., S.E. Albeke, J.A. McMurray, R.D. Evans, and D.G. Williams. 2019. Nitrogen deposition sources and patterns along elevation gradients in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem determined from ion exchange resin collectors and lichens. Science of the Total Environment 683:709-718

Hultine, K., D. Dettman, N. English, D.G. Williams. 2019. Giant cacti – isotopic recorders of change in warm deserts of the Americas. Journal of Experimental Botany 70:6509-6519

Osborn, B., D.G. Williams. 2019. Lodgepole pine tree-ring growth, D¹³C and the inverse texture effect across a soil chronosequence in glacial till. Plant and Soil 443:387-399

Dijkstra, F.A., E. Pendall, Y. Carrillo, D.M. Blumenthal, D.R. LeCain, T.J. Zelikova, D.G. Williams, R.F. Follett and J.A. Morgan. 2018. Elevated CO₂and water addition enhance nitrogen turnover in grassland plants with implications for temporal stability. Ecology Letters 21:674-682

Huber, J., D.L. Dettman, D.G. Williams, and K.R. Hultine. 2018. Gas exchange characteristics of giant cacti species varying in stem morphology and life history strategy. American Journal of Botany 105:1-15 

Blumenthal, D.M., K.E. Mueller, J.A. Kray, D.R. LeCain, E. Pendall, S. Duke, T.J. Zelikova, F. Dijkstra, D.G. Williams, J.A. Morgan. 2018. Warming and elevated CO₂ interact to shift timing and reduce variability of soil water in semi-arid grassland. Ecosystems 21:1533–1544

Cornwell, W.K., I.J. Wright, J. Turner, V. Maire, M. Barbour, L. Cernusak, T. Dawson, D. Ellsworth, G. Farquhar, H. Griffiths, C. Keitel, A. Knohl, P. Reich, D.G. Williams, R. Bhaskar, J.H.C. Cornelissen, A. Richards, S. Schmidt, F. Valladares, C. Korner, E.-D. Schulze, N. Buchmann, and L. Santiago. 2018. Climate and soils together regulate photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination within C-3 plants worldwide. Global Ecology and Biogeography 27:1056-1067

Hultine, K., D. Dettman, D.G. Williams, R. Puente, N. English, B. Butterfield, and A. Búrquez. 2018. Relationships among climate, stem growth and biomass δ¹³C in the giant saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea). Ecosphere 9(11), p.e02498

Ryan, E., K. Ogle, D. Peltier, A.P. Walker, M.G. De Kauwe, B.E. Medlyn, D.G. Williams, W. Parton, S. Asao, B. Guenet, A. Harper, C. Lu, K. Luus, S. Shu, C. Werner, J. Xia, S. Zaehle, E. Pendall. 2017. Gross primary production responses to warming, elevated CO₂, and irrigation: quantifying the drivers of ecosystem physiology in a semiarid grassland. Global Change Biology 23:3092-3106

Nelson, L., D, Blumenthal, D.G. Williams, E. Pendall. 2017. Digging into the roots of belowground carbon cycling following seven years of Prairie Heating and CO₂Enrichment (PHACE), Wyoming USA. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 115:169-177

Sorokin, Y.,T.J. Zelikova, D. Blumenthal, D.G. Williams, and E. Pendall. 2017. Seasonally contrasting responses of evapotranspiration to warming and elevated CO₂ in a semiarid grassland. Ecohydrology 10(7), p.e1880

Hinckley, E-.L., G. Bonan, G. Bowen, B. Colman, P. Duffy, C. Goodale, B. Houlton, E. Marín-Spiotta, K. Ogle, S. Ollinger, E. Paul, P. Vitousek, K. Weathers, and D.G. Williams. 2016. The soil and plant biogeochemistry sampling design for the National Ecological Observatory Network. Ecosphere 7(3):e01234. 10.1002/ecs2.1234

Mueller, K.E., D.M. Blumenthal, E. Pendall, D.R. LeCain, Y. Carrillo, F.A. Dijkstra, D.G. Williams, R.F. Follett, and J.A. Morgan. 2016. Impacts of warming and CO₂ on a semi-arid grassland are non-additive, shift with precipitation, and reverse over time. Ecology Letters 19: 956–966

Hultine, K.R., D.G. Williams, D.L. Dettman, B. Butterfield, R. Puente-Martinez. 2016. Stable isotope physiology of stem succulents across a broad range of volume to surface area ratio. Oecologia 182:679–690

Ryan, E., K. Ogle, T.J. Zelikova, D. LeCain, D.G. Williams, J. Morgan, E. Pendall. 2015. Antecedent moisture and temperature modulate the influence of elevated CO₂ and warming on ecosystem respiration. Global Change Biology 21:2588–2602

Chen, J., Y. Carillo, E. Pendall, F. Dijkstra, R.D. Evans, J. Morgan, and D.G. Williams. 2015. Soil microbes compete strongly with plants for soil inorganic and amino acid nitrogen in a semiarid grassland exposed to elevated CO₂ and warming. Ecosystems 18:867-880

Zelikova, T.J., D.G. Williams, R. Hoenigman, D.M. Blumenthal, J.A. Morgan and E. Pendall. 2015. Seasonality of soil moisture mediates responses of ecosystem phenology to elevated CO₂ and warming in a semi-arid grassland. Journal of Ecology 103:1119-1130

Resco de Dios, V., J. Weltzin, W. Sun, T. Huxman, and D.G. Williams. 2014. Transitions from grassland to savanna under drought through passive facilitation by grasses. Journal of Vegetation Science 25:937-946

Schlaepfer, D.R., B.E. Ewers, B.N. Shuman, D.G. Williams, J.M. Frank, W.J. Massman, and W.K. Lauenroth. 2014. Terrestrial water fluxes dominated by transpiration: Comment. Ecosphere 5:art61

Williams, D.G., K.R. Hultine, and D.L. Dettman. 2014. Functional tradeoffs in succulent stems predict responses to climate change in columnar cacti. Journal of Experimental Botany 65:3405-3413

Tucker, C.L., J.M. Cable, D.G. Williams, and K. Ogle. 2014. Process-based isotope partitioning of winter soil respiration in a subalpine ecosystem reveals importance of rhizospheric respiration. Biogeochemistry 121:389-408

Zelikova, T.J., D.M. Blumenthal, D.G. Williams, L. Souza, D.R. LeCain, J.A. Morgan, E. Pendall. 2014. Long-term exposure to elevated CO₂ enhances plant community stability by suppressing dominant plant species in a mixed grass prairie. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:15456-15461

Chen, J., T.J. Zelikova, E. Pendall, J.A. Morgan and D.G. Williams. 2014. Daily and seasonal changes in soil amino acid composition in a semiarid grassland exposed to elevated CO₂ and warming. Biogeochemistry 123:135–146 

Chen, J. and D.G. Williams. 2013. A novel in situ water perfusion andextraction method for soil amino acid quantification. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 59:86-88

Cable, J.M., K. Ogle, G.A. Barron-Gafford, L.P. Bentley, W.L. Cable, R.L. Scott, D.G. Williams, and T. E. Huxman. 2013. Antecedent conditions influence soil respiration differences in shrub and grass patches. Ecosystems 16:1230-1247

Blumenthal, D.M., V. Resco, J.A. Morgan, D.G. Williams, D.R. LeCain, E.M. Hardy, E. Pendall, and E. Bladyka. 2013. Water savings by native plants benefit an invasion forb under elevated CO₂.New Phytologist 200:1156-1165

Crous, K.Y., A.G. Quentin, Y.-S. Lin, B.E. Medlyn, D.G. Williams, C.V.M. Barton, and D.S. Ellsworth. 2013. Photosynthesis of temperate Eucalyptus globulustrees outside their native range has limited adjustment to elevated CO₂and climate warming. Global Change Biology 19:3790-3807

Pendall, E., J.L.Heisler-White, D.G. Williams, F.A. Dijkstra, Y. Carrillo, J.A. Morgan, D.R. LeCain. 2013. Warming reduces carbon losses from grassland exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. PLOS-One8: e71921

Cable, J., K. Ogle, and D.G. Williams. 2011. Contribution of glacier meltwater to streamflow in the Wind River Range, Wyoming inferred via a Bayesian mixing modelapplied to isotopic measurements. Hydrological Processes 25:2228–2236

Resco, V., J.P. Ferrio, J.A. Carreira, L. Calvo, P. Casals, A. Ferrero-Serrano, E. Marcos, J. M. Moreno, D.A. Ramírez, M. T. Sebastià, F. Valladares, and D.G. Williams. 2011. The stable isotope ecology of plant succession. Plant Ecology and Diversity 4:117-130

Edwards, C.E., B.E. Ewers, D.G. Williams, X. Qiguang,L. Ping, X. Xu,C.R. McClung,C. Weinig. 2011. The genetic architecture of ecophysiological and circadian traits in Brassica rapa. Genetics 189:375-390

Morgan, J.A., D.R. LeCain, E. Pendall, D.M. Blumenthal, B.A. Kimball, Y. Carrillo, D.G. Williams, J. Heisler-White, F.A. Dijkstra, and M. West. 2011. Carbon dioxide eliminates desiccation in warmed semi-arid grassland and C₄ grasses prosper. Nature 476:202-205

Bronson, D.R., N.B. English, D.L. Dettman, and D.G. Williams. 2011. Seasonal photosynthetic gas exchange and water-use efficiency in aconstitutive CAM plant, the giant saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea). Oecologia 167:861-871

Bachman, S., J.L. Heisler-White,E. Pendall, D.G. Williams, J.A. Morgan and J. Newcomb. 2010. Elevated carbon dioxide alters impacts of precipitation pulses on ecosystem photosynthesis and respiration in a semi-arid grassland. Oecologia 162:791-802

English, N.B., D.L. Dettman, D.R. Sandquist, and D.G. Williams. 2010. Daily to decadal patterns of precipitation, humidity, and photosynthetic physiology recorded in the spines of the columnar cactus, Carnegiea gigantea. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, G02013, doi:10.1029/2009JG001008

Sun, W., V. Rescoand D.G. Williams. 2010. Nocturnal and seasonal patterns of carbon isotope composition of leaf dark-respired CO₂ differs among dominant species in a semiarid savanna. Oecologia 164:297–310

Er-Raki, S., A. Chehbouni, G. Boulet, D.G. Williams. 2010. Using the dual approach of FAO-56 for partitioning ET into soil and plant components for olive orchards in a semi-arid region. Agricultural and Water Management 11:1769-1778

English, N.E., D.L. Dettman, and D.G. Williams. 2010. A 26-year stable isotope record of humidity and El Niño-enhanced precipitation in the spines of saguaro cactus, Carnegiea gigantea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 293:108-119

Resco, V., B.E. Ewers, W. Sun, T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2009. Drought-induced hydraulic limitations constrain leaf gas exchange responses to precipitation pulses in the C3 woody legume, Prosopis velutina. New Phytologist 81:672-682

Sharma, S. and D.G. Williams. 2009. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of leaf biomass reveals contrasting photosynthetic responses to elevated CO₂near geologic vents in Yellowstone National Park. Biogeosciences 6:25-31 

Cernusak, L.A., G. Tcherkez, C. Keitel, W.K. Cornwell, L.S. Santiago, A. Knohl, M.M. Barbour, D.G. Williams, P.B. Reich, D.S. Ellsworth, T.E. Dawson, H.G. Griffiths, G.D. Farquhar, I.J. Wright and M. Westoby. 2009. Why are non-photosynthetic tissues generally ¹³C enriched compared to leaves in C3 plants? Review and synthesis of current hypotheses. Functional Plant Biology 36:199–213

Sun, W., V. Resco, and D.G. Williams. 2009. Diurnal and seasonal variation in the carbon isotope composition of leaf dark-respired CO₂ in velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina). Plant, Cell and Environment 32:1390-1400

Edwards, C., M. Haselhorst, A. Mcknite, B.E. Ewers, D.G. Williams, C. Weinig. 2009. Genotypes of Brassica raparespond differently to plant-induced variation in air CO₂ concentration in growth chambers with standard and enhanced venting. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 119:991–1004

Er-Raki, S., Chehbouni, A., Ezzahar, J., Khabba, S., Boulet, G., Hanich, L. and Williams, D. 2009. Evapotranspiration partitioning from sap flow and eddy covariance techniques for olive orchards in semi-arid region. Acta Horticulturae 846:201-208

Williams, D.G. and R. Scott. 2009. Vegetation-hydrology interactions: Dynamics of riparian plant water use. pp 37-56. In Stromberg, J. and B. Tellman (eds) Ecology and conservation of the San Pedro River. The University of Arizona Press 

Yepez, E.A. and D.G. Williams. 2008. Precipitation pulses and ecosystem carbon and water exchange in arid and semiarid environments. pp 337-361. In De la Barrera E. and Smith W. (eds.) Perspectives in biophysical plant ecophysiology. A tribute to Park S. Nobel. Book Compilation Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México 

Sun, W. and D.G. Williams. 2008. Partitioning nighttime ecosystem respiration of a riparian C4 grassland ecosystem by the application of stable isotope technique. Wetland Science 2:027 (in Chinese)

Resco, V., D.D. Ignace, W. Sun, T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2008. Chlorophyll fluorescence, predawn water potential and photosynthesis in precipitation pulse-driven ecosystems – implications for ecological studies. Functional Ecology 22:479-483

Chehboni, A., R. Escadafel, B. Duchemin, G. Boulet, V. Simonneaux, G. Dedieu, B. Mougenot, S. Khabba, H. Kharrou, PH. Maisongrande, O. Merlin, A. Chaponniere, J. Ezzahar, S. Er-Raki, J. Hoedjes, R. Hadria, A. Abourida, A., Cheggour, F. Raibi, A. Boudhar, I. Behadj, L. Hanich, Benkaddour, N. Guemouria, A.H. Chehbouni, A. Lahrouni, A. Olioso, F. Jacob, D.G. Williams and J.A. Sobrino. 2008. An integrated modeling and remote sensing approach for hydrological study in arid and semi-arid regions: the SUDMED Program. International Journal of Remote Sensing 29:5161-5181

McDowell, N., W.T. Pockman, C. Allen, D.D. Breshears, N. Cobb, T. Kolb, J. Sperry, A. West, D.G. Williams and E.A. Yepez. 2008. Tansley Review: Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do some plants survive while others succumb to drought? New Phytologist 178:719-739

Cable, J.M., K. Ogle, D.G. Williams, J. Weltzin and T.E. Huxman. 2008. Soil texture, plant cover, and current and antecedent soil water modify soil respiration responses to pulsed precipitation in a desert grassland. Ecosystems 11:961-979

Potts, D.L., R.L. Scott, J.M. Cable, T.E. Huxman and D.G. Williams. 2008. Sensitivity of mesquite shrubland carbon exchange in contrasting physiographic settings. Ecology 89:2900-2910

Ellsworth, P.Z.and D.G. Williams. 2007. Hydrogen isotope fractionation during water uptake by woody xerophytes. Plant and Soil 291:93–107

Ignace, D.D., T.E. Huxman, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2007. Functional response of native and non-native grasses to simulated precipitation in the Sonoran Desert. Oecologia 152:401–413

Snyder, K.S.and D.G. Williams. 2007. Root allocation and water uptake patterns in riparian tree saplings: responses to irrigation and defoliation in a glasshouse environment. Forest Ecology and Management 246:222–231

Cheng, L., S.W. Leavitt, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter Jr., M.J. Ottman, A. Matthias, G.W. Wall, T. Brooks, D.G. Williams and T.L. Thompson. 2007. Dynamics of labile and recalcitrant soil carbon pools in a sorghum free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) agroecosystem. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 39:2250–2263

Yepez, E., R.L. Scott, W.L. Cable and D.G. Williams. 2007. Intraseasonal variation in water and carbon dioxide flux components in a semiarid riparian woodland. Ecosystems 10:1100-1115

Williams, D.G., R.D. Evans, J. West, and J.R. Ehleringer. 2007. Applications of stable isotope measurements for early-warning detection of ecological change. pp 383-398. In T.E. Dawson and R. Siegwolf (eds), Isotopes as tracers of ecological change. Elsevier Academic Press

Hemming, D., N. Loader, A. Marca, I. Robertson, D.G. Williams, L. Wingate, D. Yakir. 2007. The future of large-scale isotope networks. pp 361-381. In T.E. Dawson and R. Siegwolf (eds), Isotopes as tracers of ecological change. Elsevier Academic Press

English, N.B., D.L. Dettman, D.R. Sandquist and D.G. Williams. 2007. Past climate changes and ecophysiological responses recorded in the isotope ratios of saguaro cactus spines. Oecologia 154:247-258

Scott, R.L., T.E. Huxman, D.G. Williams, D.C. Goodrich. 2006. Ecohydrological impacts of woody plant encroachment: seasonal patterns of water and carbon dioxide exchange within a semiarid riparian environment. GlobalChange Biology 12:311–324

Gazal, R., R.L. Scott, D.C. Goodrich and D.G. Williams. 2006. Controls on transpiration in a desert riparian cottonwood forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 137:56–67

Potts, D.L., T.E. Huxman, J.M. Cable, N.B. English, D.D. Ignace, J.A. Eilts, M.J. Mason, J.F. Weltzin and D.G. Williams. 2006. Antecedent moisture and seasonal precipitation influence response of canopy-scale carbon and water exchange to rainfall pulses in semi-arid grassland. New Phytologist doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01732.x

Williams, D.G., T.E. Huxman, R.L. Scott, D. Goodrich and G. Lin. 2006. Sensitivity of riparian ecosystems in arid and semiarid environments to moisture pulses. Hydrological Processes 20:3191–3205

Potts, D.L., R.L. Scott, D.G. Williams, D.C. Goodrich and T.E. Huxman. 2006. The sensitivity of ecosystem carbon exchange to seasonal precipitation and woody plant encroachment. Oecologia 150:453-463

Salo, L.F., G.R. McPherson, and D.G. Williams. 2005. Sonoran Desert winter annuals affected by density of red brome and soil nitrogen. The American Midland Naturalist 153:95-109

English, N.B., J.F. Weltzin, A. Fravolini, L. Thomas, D.G. Williams. 2005. The influence of soil texture and vegetation on soil moisture under rainout shelters in a semi-desert grassland.Journal of Arid Environments 63:324-343

Williams, D.G., J.Coltrain, M. Lott, N. Englishand J.R.Ehleringer. 2005. Oxygen isotopes in cellulose identify source water for archeological maize in the American Southwest. Journal of Archaeological Science 32:931-939

Fravolini, A., K. Hultine, E. Brugnoli, R. Gazal, N. Englishand D.G. Williams. 2005. Precipitation pulse use by an invasive woody legume: the role of soil texture and pulse size. Oecologia 144:618-627

Pendall, E., D.G. Williams and S.W. Leavitt. 2005. Seasonal and diurnal variations in pinon pine leaf water isotopic enrichment across a summer moisture gradient. Oecologia 145:605-618

Ferrio,J.P., V. Resco, D.G. Williams, L. Serrano, J. Voltas. 2005. Stable isotopes in arid and semi-arid forest systems.  Investigación Agraria, Sistemas y Recursos Forestales Monográfico, 1-12

Yepez, E.A., T.E. Huxman, D.D. Ignace, N.B. English, J.F. Weltzin, A.E. Castellanos and D.G. Williams. 2005. Dynamics of transpiration and evaporation following a moisture pulse in semiarid grassland: a chamber-based isotope method for partitioning flux components. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 132:359-376

Williams, D.G. 2005. Isotopes reveal sources and sinks of trace gases. Book review of Stable isotopes and biosphere-atmosphere interactionsby Larry Flanagan, Jim Ehleringer and Diane Pataki (eds). Ecology 86:3131-3132

Williams, D.G. 2005. Book review of Ecohydrology of water-controlled ecosystems: soil moisture and plant dynamics by Ignacio Rodríguez-Iturbe and Amilcare Porporato. Eos, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 86:344

Goodrich, D.C., D.G. Williams, C.L. Unkrich, J.F. Hogan, R.L. Scott,K.R. Hultine, D. Pool, A.L. Coes, and S. Miller. 2004. Comparison ofmethods to estimate ephemeral channel recharge, Walnut Gulch, San PedroRiver Basin, Arizona, In Groundwater Recharge in a Desert Environment: The Southwestern United States, edited by J.F. Hogan, F.M. Phillips, andB.R. Scanlon, Water Science and Applications Series, vol. 9, AmericanGeophysical Union, Washington, D.C., pp. 77-99

Potts, D.L.and D.G. Williams. 2004. Response of tree ring holocellulose δ¹³C to moisture availability in Populus fremontiiat perennial and intermittent stream reaches. Western North American Naturalist 64:27-37.

Huxman T.E., M.D. Smith, P.A. Fay, A.K. Knapp, M.R. Shaw, M.E. Loik, S.D. Smith, D.T. Tissue, J.C. Zak, J.F. Weltzin, W.T. Pockman, O.E. Sala, B. Haddad, J. Harte, G.W. Koch, S. Schwinning, E.E. Small, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Precipitation and production: convergence across biomes to a common rain-use efficiency. Nature 429:651-654

Guerenstein, P.G., E.A. Yepez, J. van Haren, D.G. Williams, J.G. Hildebrand. 2004. Floral CO₂emission may indicate food abundance to nectar-feeding moths. Naturwissenschaften 91:329-333

Hultine, K.R., R.L. Scott, W.L. Cable, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Hydraulic redistribution by a dominant, warm-desert phreatophyte: seasonal patterns and response to precipitation pulses. Functional Ecology 18:530-538

Williams, D.G., W. Cable, K. Hultine, J.C.B. Hoedjes, E. Yepez, V. Simonneaux, S. Er-Raki, G. Boulet, H.A.R. de Bruin, A. Chehbouni,O.K. Hartogensis and F. Timouk. 2004. Components of evapotranspiration determined by stable isotope, sap flow and eddy covariance techniques. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 125:241-258

Huxman, T.E., J.M. Cable, D.D. Ignace, J.A. Eilts, N.B. English, J. Weltzin, and D.G. Williams. 2004. Response of net ecosystem gas exchange to a simulated precipitation pulse in a semi-arid grassland: the role of native and non-native grasses and soil texture. Oecologia 141:295-305

Scott, R.L., C. Watts, J. Garatuza, E. Edwards, D.C. Goodrich, D.G. Williams, and W.J. Shuttleworth. 2003. The understory and overstory partitioning of energy and water fluxes in a semi-arid woodland ecosystem. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 114:127-139

Hultine, K.L., W.L. Cable, S.S.O. Burgess, and D.G. Williams. 2003. Hydraulic redistribution by deep roots of a Chihuahuan desert phreatophyte. Tree Physiology 23:353-360

Hultine, K., D.G. Williams, S.S.O. Burgess, and T.O. Keefer. 2003. Hydraulic redistribution and diurnal storage capacitance in desert phreatophytes. Oecologia 135:167-175

Snyder, K.A., and D.G. Williams. 2003. Experimental defoliation differentially alters water uptake by deep and shallow roots of Prosopis velutina (velvet mesquite). Functional Ecology 17:363-374

Yepez, E.A., D.G. Williams, R. Scott, and G. Lin. 2003. Partitioning overstory and understory evapotranspiration in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem from the isotopic composition of water vapor. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 119:53-68

Weltzin, J.F., M.E. Loik, S. Schwinning, D.G. Williams, P. Fay, B. Haddad, J. Harte, T.E. Huxman, A.K. Knapp, G. Lin, W.T. Pockman, M.R. Shaw, E. Small, M.D. Smith, S.D. Smith, D.T. Tissue, and J.C. Zak. 2003. Assessing the response of terrestrial ecosystems to potential changes in precipitation. BioScience 53:941-952

Weltzin, J.F. and D.G. Williams. 2003. Isotopes for Ecosystems. Editorial on Tracing changes in ecosystem function under elevated CO₂ by Pataki et al. BioScience 53:795.

Williams, D.G. and K.A. Snyder. 2003. Responses of woody plants to heterogeneity of soil water in arid and semiarid environments. Pages 28-46. In J. Weltzin and G. McPherson (eds), Changing precipitation regimes and terrestrial ecosystems. University of Arizona Press, Tucson

Fravolini, A., D.G. Williams, and T.L. Thompson. 2002. Carbon isotope discrimination and bundle sheath leakiness in three C₄ subtypes grown under variable nitrogen, water and atmospheric CO₂ supply. Journal of Experimental Botany 53:2261-2269

Brooks, J.R., N. Buchmann, S. Phillips, B. Ehleringer, R. Evans, L.A. Martinelli, W.T. Pockman, D. Sandquist, J.P. Sparks, L. Sperry, D.G. Williams, and J.R. Ehleringer. 2002. Heavy and light beer: a carbon isotope approach to detecting C₄ carbon in beers of different origins, styles and prices. Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry 50:6413-6418

Wall, G.W., T.J. Brooks, N.R. Adam, A. Cousins, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter, Jr, R.L. LaMorte, J. Triggs, M.J. Ottman, S.W. Leavitt, A.D. Matthias, D.G. Williams, and A.N. Webber. 2001. Elevated atmospheric CO₂improved sorghum plant water status by ameliorating the adverse effects of drought. New Phytologist 152:231-248

Weltzin, J.F., K.A. Snyder, and D.G. Williams. 2001. Changes in precipitation seasonality and oak (Quercus) recruitment: linking physiology and demography. Western North American Naturalist 61:463-472

Williams, D.G., V. Gempko, A. Fravolini, S.W. Leavitt, G.W. Wall, B.A. Kimball, P.J. Pinter Jr., R. LaMorte, and M. Ottman. 2001. Carbon isotope discrimination by Sorghum bicolorunder CO₂enrichment and drought. New Phytologist 150:285-293

Williams, D.G. and J. R. Ehleringer. 2000. Carbon isotope discrimination and water relations of oak hybrid populations in southwestern Utah. Western North American Naturalist 60:121-129

Cooper, D.I., W.E. Eichinger, L. Hipps, J. Kao, J. Reisner, S. Smith, S.M. Schaeffer, and D.G. Williams. 2000. Spatial and temporal properties of water vapor and flux over a riparian canopy. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:161-183

Goodrich, D.C., A. Chehbouni, B. Goff, B. MacNish, T. Maddock, S. Moran, W.J. Shuttleworth, D.G. Williams et al. 2000. Preface paper to the Semi-Arid Land-Surface-Atmosphere (SALSA) program special issue. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:3-19

Goodrich, D.C., R. Scott, J. Qi, B. Goff, C.L. Unkrich, M.S. Moran, D.G. Williams, S. Schaeffer, K. Snyder, R. MacNish, T. Maddock, D. Pool, A. Chehbouni, D.I. Cooper, W.E. Eichinger, W.J. Shuttleworth, Y. Kerr, R. Marsett, and W. Ni. 2000. Seasonal estimates of riparian evapotranspiration using remote and in-situ measurements.  Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:281-309

Schaeffer, S.M., D.G. Williams, and D.C. Goodrich. 2000. Transpiration in cottonwood/willow forest patches estimated from sap flux. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:257-270

Snyder, K.and D.G. Williams. 2000. Water sources used by riparian trees varies among stream types on the San Pedro River, Arizona. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 105:227-240

Williams, D.G. and J. R. Ehleringer. 2000. Intra- and interspecific variation for summer precipitation use in pinyon-juniper woodlands. Ecological Monographs 70:517-537

Williams, D.G. and Z. Baruch. 2000. African grass invasion in the Americas: ecosystem consequences and the role of ecophysiology. Biological Invasions 2:123-140

Williams, D.G., G.R. McPherson, and J.F. Weltzin. 1999. Stress in Wildland plants: Implications for ecosystem structure and function. Pages 907-929.  In M. Pessarakli (ed.). Handbook of plant and crop stress: second edition. Marcel Dekkar, Inc., New York

Williams, D.G. 1999. The roots of grass success. Book review of Population biology of grasses by G.P. Cheplick (ed.). BioScience 49:667-670

Linton, M.J., J.S. Sperry, and D.G. Williams. 1998. Xylem cavitation in roots and branches of Juniperus osteosperma and Pinus edulis. Functional Ecology 12:906-911

Ehleringer, J.R., R.D. Evans, and D.G. Williams. 1998. Assessing sensitivity to change in desert ecosystems – a stable isotope approach. Pages 223-237.  In H. Griffiths (ed.), Stable Isotopes Integration of Biological, Ecological, and Geochemical Processes. BIOS Scientific Publ., Oxford

Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1996. Resource limitations to growth and gas exchange for introduced Pennisetum setaceumon Hawaii. Canadian Journal of Botany 74:268-265

Williams, D.G. and J.R. Ehleringer. 1996. Carbon isotope discrimination in three semi-arid woodland species along a monsoon gradient. Oecologia 106:455-460

Williams, D.G., Mack, R.N. and R.A. Black. 1995. Ecophysiology and growth of introduced Pennisetum setaceumon Hawaii: The role of phenotypic plasticity. Ecology 76:1569-1580

Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1994. Response to drought for a native and introduced Hawaiian grass. Oecologia 97:512-519

Williams, D.G. and R.A. Black. 1993. Phenotypic variation in contrasting temperature environments: Growth and photosynthesis in Pennisetum setaceum from different altitudes on Hawaii. Functional Ecology 7:623-633

Williams, D.G. and D.D. Briske. 1991. Size and ecological significance of the physiological individual in the bunchgrass Schizachyrium scoparium. Oikos 62:41-47